Ultrasound diagnosis of hyperplastic cholecystosis (18 hours)

Relevance. With the introduction into clinical practice of modern sonographic studies, such as endosonography, Dopplerography, ultrasound contrast and elastography, experience is gradually accumulating in the differential diagnosis of various hyperplastic changes in the walls of the gallbladder. Currently, the diagnostic criteria for hyperplastic changes in the walls of the gallbladder of inflammatory etiology are not clearly defined. Hyperplastic changes in the walls of the gallbladder of non – inflammatory etiology-hyperplastic cholecystoses (HPH) - are of particular interest and require further study.
Hyperplastic cholecystoses are degenerative and proliferative changes in the wall of the gallbladder of non-inflammatory etiology, which according to the classification of Jutras J. A. (1960) include cholesterol, adenomyomatosis, neuromatosis, elastosis, lipomatosis, fibromatosis and hyalinocalcinosis.  Despite the fact that the classification of this pathology was presented more than half a century ago, many questions remain unresolved regarding both the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of various forms of cholecystosis. The urgency of this problem is also due to the fact that in some of these pathologies there is a risk of malignancy. 
The accumulated experience in the diagnosis of GPH using both transabdominal and endoscopic ultrasonography, dynamic observation of this pathology, as well as a comparative analysis of the sonographic picture and data from morphological studies of the surgical material of cholecystectomies, allowed us to develop criteria for ultrasound diagnosis, including differential diagnosis for various variants of GPH. 

Within the framework of the doctors program:

1. They will study the possibilities of the ultrasound method of investigation in the diagnosis of GPH.
2. They will study the ultrasound semiotics of various GPH variants, the main criteria for differential diagnosis.  
3. They will master the skills of determining the contractile function of the gallbladder and study its role in determining biliary dysfunction in various variants of GPH.
4. They will master the basic principles of ultrasound monitoring of various GPH options. 

Internship base: department of Ultrasound Diagnostics of the State Medical Institution of the Moscow State Scientific Research Center named after A. S. Loginov DZM
Internship Supervisor: candidate of Medical SciencesOrlova Yu. N., Senior researcher, doctor of ultrasound diagnostics