Early diagnosis of stomach cancer. History of the MCSC patient

News 07/08/2020

In the department of operative Endoscopy of the Moscow State Medical Center named after A. S. Loginov, a 62-year-old patient, Sch., applied for a routine examination.  

During the gastroscopy, the patient was found to have:

• atrophic gastritis;
• hyperplastic polyps;
• acute stomach ulcer.

The latter was detected in the patient for the first time. Therefore, the material was taken for morphological research. His analysis showed the presence of malignant elements in the edges of the ulcer.

The doctors ordered an additional examination, according to the results of which the diagnosis was made: early stomach cancer.

The small depth of penetration of cancer cells into the stomach wall and the absence of metastases in other organs and lymph nodes, allowed to remove the tumor using an endoscope.
The patient was hospitalized in the Center and specialists of the Department of operative endoscopy performed surgical treatment in the volume of endoscopic dissection in the submucosal layer. This operation is performed through an endoscope with special tools and allows you to remove the tumor as a single fragment within healthy tissues. The next day, the patient was discharged home with recommendations about nutrition and conservative therapy.

After 2 months on the control gastroscopy, only a small scar remained in the operation area.

Stomach cancer ranks 5th in the structure of morbidity in the Russian Federation (RF) and 3rd in the structure of mortality from malignant neoplasms. Men get sick 1.3 times more often than women, the peak incidence is at the age of 65 years. Other risk factors include:

• heredity;
• smoking and alcohol;
• abuse of salted, fried, canned, pickled, spiced food;
• lack of vitamins and trace elements.

The bacterium Helicobacter pylori can cause inflammation of stomach ulcers and is a risk factor for stomach cancer. The risk group includes patients who have previously undergone gastric surgery, as well as those suffering from chronic atrophic hyperplastic gastritis, pernicious anemia, Menetrieu disease.

For the purpose of prevention, a diet is recommended with the exception of thermal and mechanical damage to the gastric mucosa, the rejection of bad habits, as well as regular endoscopic examination to detect precancerous conditions and their timely treatment.

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