Testicular cancer

Testicular cancer is a malignant tumor that develops from the tissues of the testicles.

The share of testicular tumors is 1% in the structure of the total cancer incidence among men and 5% of all tumors of the genitourinary system. In recent decades, there has been a clear trend towards an increase in the incidence of testicular tumors. Most often, testicular cancer occurs in young men aged 20-40 years. Currently, the maximum rates of complete recovery from testicular cancer reach 90%.

The exact causes of testicular cancer are unknown. Predisposing risk factors for testicular tumors include:

• cryptorchidism (non-descent of the testicle into the scrotum); 
• the presence of a testicular tumor in the next of kin (father, brothers).

Clinical manifestations of testicular cancer.
The first clinical manifestation of a testicular tumor, as a rule, is the appearance of a painless unilateral formation in the scrotum, a change in the size and density of the testicle, determined by the patient himself. In about 20% of cases, the first symptom of the disease is pain in the scrotum. Sometimes testicular tumors are detected accidentally by ultrasound, performed for various indications, such as infertility, varicocele or trauma. In the case of metastases, patients may complain of back pain, cough, and swelling of the lower extremities.

Diagnosis of testicular cancer.
If you suspect a testicular tumor, first of all, you need to perform an ultrasound of the scrotum. If a tumor is detected, other studies are required:

•  determination of blood tumor markers (alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH))
•  MSCT of the abdominal cavity and pelvis with contrast
•  Chest MSCT 
•  osteoscintigraphy and MRI of the brain (if necessary). 

How can we help you ?

The Loginov Moscow Research Center has all the necessary diagnostic capabilities and equipment to provide comprehensive specialized care to patients with testicular tumors. In the urology department of our Center, orchfuniculectomy (removal of the testicle) is performed, as well as laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy, if necessary. If there are indications in the department of chemotherapy, oncologists of our Center will conduct modern chemotherapy treatment. 

Do not delay your visit to the specialists of our center. This will help to diagnose the disease in a timely manner and choose the right treatment tactics. Doctors of the Department of Urology and Chemotherapy of the State Medical Institution of the Moscow State Medical Center named after A. S. Loginov DZM are always ready to help you.