Prostate adenoma

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (adenoma) (BPH) - increase in the size of the prostate. BPH is a common condition among older men. In most men, prostate growth continues throughout life. In many men, this growth increases the prostate gland so much that it causes a violation of the act of urination. Prostate enlargement may be associated with a change in the balance of sex hormones as men get older.

In Russia, there are 1,765 cases of this disease per 100 thousand men. 

Who is at risk?

• Prostate enlargement rarely causes clinical symptoms in men younger than 40 years of age. The appearance of signs of the disease occurs in a third of men after 60 years, and in half-after 80 years. 
• The presence of this disease in close male relatives increases the risk of developing BPH.
• The presence of diabetes and heart disease, as well as the use of beta-blockers can contribute to the development of BPH.
• Obesity increases the risk of BPH.

Clinical symptoms.
The severity of clinical symptoms varies from person to person, but usually progresses over time.

The most common symptoms are the following:

• frequent urination;
• increased frequency of urination at night (nocturia);
• barely restrained (imperative) urge to urinate;
• difficulty in starting urination;
• weak flow of urine stream or intermittent flow;
• feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder;

Less common signs and symptoms include:

• detection of urinary tract infection;
• inability to urinate (acute urinary retention);
• the appearance of blood in the urine (hematuria).

The severity of clinical symptoms does not always depend on the size of the prostate adenoma. Often, with a small prostate size, there are significant clinical symptoms. 

Diagnostics 
The choice of treatment method is based on the results of the examination. Every patient who goes to the doctor with the above symptoms requires a thorough follow-up examination by a urologist.

Mandatory survey methods are:

• Laboratory tests of blood and urine, including a blood test for prostate-specific antigen( PSA), bacteriological examination of urine.
• Ultrasound examination of the urinary system with the determination of the amount of residual urine.
• Uroflowmetry (study of urine flow).
• Urination Quality Questionnaire (IPSS).
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvic organs is used in cases where it is necessary to conduct a differential diagnosis of BPH and prostate cancer.

Treatment
There are several effective treatments for prostate adenoma, including medications, minimally invasive treatments, and surgery. 
Properly selected drug therapy (therapy with alpha-blockers, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors) in the early stages of BPH effectively improves the quality of life, but, as a rule, only temporarily postpones surgical treatment. 
Currently, previously performed open-access surgical interventions (trans-bubble adenomectomy, posadilon adenomectomy) are rarely performed, preference is given to minimally invasive methods of surgical treatment of BPH. They allow you to remove the prostate adenoma transurethrally-through the urethra, which significantly reduces the postoperative period and the recovery period of the patient.

In the Department of Urology of the Loginov Moscow State Medical Center, all the most modern methods of diagnosing BPH are available to patients, and treatment is carried out using high medical minimally invasive technologies, including using a laser-the Lumenis®surgical laser system Pulse™120H.

Do not delay your visit to the specialists of our center. This will help to diagnose the disease in a timely manner and choose the right treatment tactics. Doctors of the Department of Urology of the Moscow State Medical Center named after A. S. Loginov are always ready to help you.